Biodiversidade: Ética e estética na descentralização do humano na ecologia profunda e no materialismo vital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61378/t4csjq27Palavras-chave:
Valor Intrínseco, Ética Ambiental, Estética Ambiental, Conservação da BiodiversidadeResumo
O artigo analisa as diferenças e, sobretudo, um diálogo possível entre a ética ambiental da ecologia profunda de Arne Naess e o materialismo vital de Jane Bennett, com ênfase na estética que emerge da relação entre humanos, animais não-humanos e a biodiversidade planetária. Essa aproximação é feita por meio dos conceitos de Delight (Naess) e Enchantment (Bennett) que são componentes importantes no deslocamento da relação hierárquica que humanos mantém em relação aos animais em ambos os autores. Para Arne Naess, Delight emerge de uma mudança de pensamento e valores morais, forjando uma ética que compreende os animais e o ambiente como possuindo valor intrínseco, deixando, assim, fluir o prazer de contemplar e se relacionar com os não-humanos. Em Bennett, por outro lado, o conceito de Enchantment possui maior centralidade em sua ética ambiental, pois ela compreende que valores éticos podem emergir do aguçamento da percepção sensorial de como os encontros com os animais podem afetar os humanos. Embora Delight seja precedido pela ética forjada na cognição humana e Enchantment precede a ética, uma junção de ambas as perspectivas, pode gerar uma noção de valor intrínseco mais realista e com maior impacto em termos de justificativa ética para a conservação da biodiversidade.
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