A retidão do diálogo: sobre a importância de Martin Buber na fundamentação da ética de Emmanuel Levinas como filosofia primeira

Abstract

In this paper, we propose to discuss the approximations, rather than the distancing, between Levinas and Buber, in an attempt to highlight the importance of this thinker in the construction of Levinasian ethics as a first philosophy. With this, we present the fine line of this interlocution, which opens up a vast field for us to reflect on dialog in its ethical dimension, as a straight relationship, without any mediation. In this way, Levinas develops an idea of dialog that precedes and reverberates in all dialog situated in ontology, developing it from a form of language that is autonomous from language, ontology, or logic. Language is an annunciation of the face of Another, who commands us at the same time as appealing to us: Thou shalt not kill. The Word of God that comes to us. In summary, we propose to outline a perspective that highlights the presence of Buber's thought in the basic foundations of Levinasian ethics, in an attempt to go beyond Pierre Hayat's presentation that marks the opposition between the asymmetrical relationship and the reciprocal (symmetrical) relationship that symbolizes the two thoughts.